Tag Archives: post-modernism

The Evil of Banality: Spring Breakers and F. Scott Fitzgerald

It was serendipity, I guess, that brought these two topics together. I’d been very excited to watch the new Harmony Korine film Spring Breakers after seeing its critical reception and its exciting trailer.

In the interest of full disclosure, up until this point, I’d never seen a film by the director that I’d actually liked, so this was kind of a departure for me being into this. And, being as how I live in Edmonton and not Vancouver, or Toronto, or anywhere really, it took a little while for the movie to get here.

In the mean time, I had a reading assignment to get through. In talking with Devin Bruce, who you might remember from his appearance on The Spoiler Show a few months back, I got in contact with a U.S.-based podcast called The Bookhouse Boys. Since they liked me for some reason, we decided that I’d appear on their show, and that we’d talk about F. Scott Fitzgerald’s second novel, The Beautiful and Damned, as Devin and I’d briefly talked about Gatsby on my show.

The Beautiful and Damned

So by the time I was able to check out the only worthwhile movie in the critical discussion (I saw Stoker right when it arrived here, and really enjoyed it, but not much else was worthwhile for new stuff), I’d already read a book about alcohol abuse, violence and hedonism that, in my mind, meshed really well!

Fitzgerald’s book, which is loosely biographical, is about Anthony Patch and his wife Gloria: two members of the Twenties élite, who spend most of their days carousing, drinking and boozing. The story is at once simple and complicated, as the two enfants terribles continue on their hedonistic death-spirals while their finances and hopes run out over a series of increasingly dire events. Anthony is in line for a fat inheritance, and fritters away his sober hours attempting to write. Gloria was basically the belle of the ball her whole life, and flirts around with a gig in the movies and wasting her youth.

Once I’d finally seen Spring Breakers, having this story in the back of my head for the duration was, to my mind anyway, the beginning of an interesting critical perspective on the film. If you listen to my appearance on The Bookhouse Boys, you can see my initial thoughts on the film, but I’d like to elaborate a little more here. As Spring Breakers has been the seeming sole focus of critical energy in the film world for the past few days, I won’t spend too much time on it, but here’s a brief synopsis: four girls attending school in Kentucky (I think…) have an immutable goal in mind – they are going down to Florida to experience the Spring Break shenanigans they’ve been promised their whole lives, and they’re not going to let a lack of funds get in their way.

And they do. The Spring Break experience shown in the film is exhilarating in its pounding demonstration of banality. The eponymous “Beautiful and Damned” of Fitzgerald’s title are to me a perfect distillation of the constant state of party that exists there. Both women and men, but mostly women, are reduced to their component body parts, and shot in a blindingly brilliant and slow hyperreal style, while dubstep assaults the ear canal. While it was infuriating at the time, now I keep thinking about how the audience was revolted by the bill of goods they were being sold. Like the Breakers, we too have an ancestral knowledge of what Spring Break is supposed to be: it’s been sold to us by MTV and music videos, so much so that jokes on Arrested Development about it make sense, even though I’ve never been there in person.

When the curtain is pulled back on Korine’s Three Card Monte game, when we’ve become disgusted by the culture of Spring Break (ie. right away), and numbed to the female flesh on display, and the copious alcohol and drug use ceases to look fun, that’s the moment at which I thought of ol’ Fitz. The characterization in the two works is equally sketchy: Gloria and Anthony are in love in the same banal way that James Franco’s Alien loves Faith, absolutely, or at least to the extent that he loves his shorts in every colour. Where Gloria’s last-ditch attempt to make some cash is to lean on an old admirer to get a screen test, the Breakers have been recorded their entire lives, exhorting one another to accept the meshing of fantasy and reality, to pretend their robbing the chicken shack is “like a movie”.

On the podcast I mentioned that one reason Fitzgerald may have seen fit to have certain passages in the book written down as plays, complete with stage instructions, etc. is that his characters have the empty interior lives that have become all too commonplace nowadays. When they are at a wedding, rather than experience the ceremony and whatnot with their full being, they resort to bits they’ve seen off-Broadway, or perhaps at one of the many cabarets featured in the novel. Spring Breakers shows this facet of the American experience brilliantly, with current media touchstones like My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic and nostalgiia-inducing (for people my age and a bit younger anyway) music from Britney Spears. Alien keeps Brian de Palma’s Scarface on an infinite loop in his house, as he’s been told by generations before him that this is how a gangster acts.

The recurring, hypnotic motif that underlies the film is the phrase “Spring Break Forever”. It’s usually intoned by Franco, but sometimes the girls say it as well. The film wonders what it would be like to actually live in that world forever; what would your life look like if you were solely devoted to hedonism and the acquisition of money over all else. You might be able to look back to the Roaring Twenties, that great decade of American excess, for the answer.

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The Resolution Project Season Two: Lolita (1955)

“My choice, however, was prompted by considerations essence was, as I realized too late, a piteous compromise. All of which goes to show how dreadfully stupid poor Humbert always was in matters of sex.” (p. 25)

The Resolution Project Season Two: For my New Year’s resolution last year (2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I got almost halfway through. I’ve decided to bull-headedly push on through and try and finish the challenge, continuing with the same caveat as before: I’ve exempted myself from reading books I’ve already read, leaving eighty-six or so left to go. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned if you’re the type to be bothered by that. It’s not really worth getting that angry about though.

Lolita cover 2005 US Random House (Vintage), New York

The Elevator Pitch: “Humbert Humbert” is a recent emigré to New England following a failed marriage in Europe. Humbert’s obsession is with the species he calls “nymphets”, girls aged between nine and fourteen who have yet to be ravaged at all by age. Dolores Haze, the eventual target of his fatal attraction, is a girl obsessed with movie magazines, comic books and ice cream bars. What follows next is probably one of the loveliest depictions of something we the readers know deep down is absolutely abhorrent.

What I knew about this book, its subject and its author going in: Lolita‘s probably one of the most famous books on the entire Time 100 list. It’s been made into two movies, the good one of which was done by auteur director supreme Stanley Kubrick. I’m going to watch it some time this week, hopefully.

As for the author, Vladimir Nabokov, I waxed philosophical about how much I liked his other entry on the list, Pale Fire, here. Suffice it to say, I was pretty excited for this one, given its impressive pedigree.

Thoughts: This has been a bit of a tough one for me to review, as I really did enjoy it, but I don’t have a lot to say about it. It’s like The Great Gatsby or The Grapes of Wrath, just a classic awesome novel that has been accordingly analysed to death over the years. It’s really good, and if the subject matter doesn’t creep you out too much to touch it, you should definitely read it.

One of the things I guess I should have guessed about Lolita from having read Pale Fire first was that it was at times going to be pretty hilarious. Once you are able to distance yourself somewhat from the, yes, disgusting goings-on between Humbert and his captive nymphet over the course of their “romance”, you have to think about the what the reality of a relationship between a middle-aged man and a precocious young girl would be like. Obviously they have nothing in common: Humbert would have us believe that in addition to his matinee idol looks, he’s also incredibly intelligent, where Lolita’s not much more than a typical movie magazine-reading little girl.

He essentially (and legally) becomes Lolita’s parent over the course of the story, and while that gives him a bit of a delightful frisson for breaking the incest tattoo, it also forces him to come to terms with the reality of his situation. Some of my favorite bits of the story are when even Humbert takes a break from lusting after Lolita to call her a brat or something, like you would a normal child. While Nabokov occasionally alludes to Lolita’s childish love of movie magazines, current music, etc., it’s an interesting experiment to think about what the story would look like nowadays. There would definitely be a lot of Justin Bieber listened to on the road, I’ll tell you that much.

Nabokov, in his afterword, speaks of wanting to write a quintessentially American novel, one that takes the landscape of the country as seriously and allusively as European writers do their own climes. So in addition to being amazingly transgressive, even to a modern-day reader as myself, the book is also a great road novel, in addition to a sort of female bildungsroman. I was also sort of shocked to find that the book is also an excellent critique of the schooling of young women; when Humbert takes Lolita to a private school, he’s appalled by the curriculum, which teaches “useful” skills like:

“[t]he four D’s: Dramatics, Dance, Debating and Dating. We are confronted by certain facts. Your delightful Dolly will presently enter an age group where dates, dating, date dress, date book, date etiquette, mean as much to her as, say, business, business connections, business success, mean to you, or as much as [smiling] the happiness of my girls means to me. Dorothy Humbird is already involved in a whole system of social life which consists, whether we like it or not, of hot-dog stands, corner drugstores, malts and cokes, movies, square-dancing, blanket parties on beaches, and even hair-fixing parties!” (p. 177)

It is at once a little quaint and nice to see hot-dog stands and square dancing brought up as a system of culture for teens as it is condescending to see that a young girl’s education should not extend beyond these things. And really, is this school much different from the applied math courses and life-skills management classes kids who do not plan on going to college take in school these days? At least when she was stuck with Humbert Lolita became somewhat worldly, not that it makes up for essentially being a hostage in sex slavery though.

It’s also interesting to think of the book as a collision between Worlds Old and New. Humbert’s tastes extend towards chess, French literature and gin, while Lolita loves movies, soda pop and jukeboxes. I’ve heard the book described as both “Europe lusting after American youth and joie de vivre” and “America subverting and changing European tastes in pursuit of cultural hegemony”. I’d probably have to agree with the former statement more, but you could look at the way Humbert himself changes during the course of the novel as a gradual lifting of the European out of him to be replaced with a hollow American shell. You know, if you felt like it.

I found the cover picture up there at an awesome website called “Covering Lolita“, which is a repository of all the known covers the book has had over the years, in as many countries as they can find. While looking through the covers and enjoying the typography on display, I was struck as to how difficult it must have been, and continue to be, to market such a strange and beautiful book as Lolita.

Lolita cover 1958 US Putnam, New York

I like this one the most; the one I grabbed for this post up top is just what my copy looks like. There’s a lot of plain, text-based covers, impressionist paintings, and when we get to the first movie era, tie-in stills featuring the iconic heart-shaped glasses.

Lolita cover 1998 FIN Gummerus (BB), Jyväskylä

Weirdly, some of the covers try to sex up the book, this Finnish one (from 1998!) being particularly egregious. I think that the variety of approaches used to demonstrate the book’s importance speaks to just how interesting and unique Lolita is, and how the issues it raises still resonate, maybe even more nowadays.

Honestly, the fact that a TV show like Toddlers and Tiaras exists in a post-Lolita world is awe-inspiringly strange to me. On the one hand, young girls are to be protected and kept safe, this is obvious to people who are not evil. But sometimes, marketers and fashion types still toe the line with regards to how young girls’ youth and beauty can be used for more nefarious purposes.

“But every once in a while I have to remind the reader of my appearance much as a professional novelist, who has given a character of his some mannerism or a dog, has to go on producing that dog or that mannerism every time the character crops up in the course of the book.” (p. 104)

Similar books on the Time 100 list: Humbert’s narration, which is prone to hyperbole and bouts with madness, begrudgingly reminded me of An American Tragedy, which I won’t recommend that hard though because I hated it so much. If for some reason you’re into books where children are raised very very poorly, you might also like reading Housekeeping. Finally, I’ll recommend Pale Fire again, because it’s really good, and deserves to be as well-known as Lolita.

Total pages read since January 1st 2011: 16242 pp. (1783 this year)

Total books on the Time 100 list read: 57/113, or 50% complete.

Next up on the Resolution Project: A Dance to the Music of Time Book Four: At Lady Molly’s (1957), by Anthony Powell.

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The Resolution Project Detour Five: The Four Fingers of Death

As you may recall, I’ve been keeping myself sane during the trial that is The Man Who Loved Children by reading other books in between 100 page blocks of that piece of crap. I picked up a few books while I was down in Seattle from a place called the Elliott Bay Book Company. It’s a really awesome store, and should you find yourself in the Capitol Hill district of Seattle you should definitely check it out. I spent 3 hours or so browsing the stacks there, and it made me very happy.

Pictured: happiness

Pictured: happiness

Among other things, I ended up grabbing Sin in the Second City: Madams, Ministers, Playboys, and the Battle for America’s Soul, a historical book by Karen Abbott written with an eye towards fiction-style readability, but the big one I ended up getting was Rick Moody’s The Four Fingers of Death. I just finished this book, and really enjoyed it.

The Four Fingers of Death cover

Imagine if Kurt Vonnegut (for whom the book is in memoriam), David Foster Wallace and Thomas Pynchon worked together on the screenplay for Idle Hands. That’s the indicator of what sort of high literary wackiness is at play here. The story is about Montese Crandall (all of the names in the “real world” of the book tend towards the Pynchonian), a down-on-his-luck chess champion and baseball card dealer in the future year of 2025. Montese wins the right to adapt an old ’60s B-movie, The Crawling Hand, into a novelization to go alongside a planned reboot of the film.

The novel within the novel concerns the crew of a doomed mission to Mars, who, upon reaching the Red Planet, learn that they may have been sent there for reasons other than exploration; namely to find and return to the beleaguered United States of America a deadly bacteria that causes peoples’ bodies to fall apart. The fingers of the title are attached to one of the astronauts’ arms, which are the only thing to make it back from the expedition “alive”.

I literally didn’t know until about an hour ago that the film was in fact real, and, not only that, was fodder for one of my favorite TV shows of all time, Mystery Science Theater 3000! Check it out here if you think you can stomach the craziness:

I haven’t actually watched the whole thing yet, but I intend to on the weekend here. So, as I said before, I really enjoyed this book. It combined the metafictional weirdness I liked in things like At Swim-Two-Birds, The Blind Assassin or The French Lieutenant’s Woman with the junky sci-fi of my youth, which, to be honest, I’ve only slightly lost the taste for at this point in my life. Atwood’s book is probably the best comparison here, as both works understand that underneath the technobabble and grotesqueries of pulpy sci-fi, important and vital concepts are constantly being addressed, more so than some other genres, which have to establish their literary bonafides by setting themselves in the super-important real world.

If you’re into the pharmacology and future-speculation found in Infinite Jest, the epic feel mixed with slapstick weirdness found in The Crying of Lot 49 or the human feeling in the midst of some really weird shit found in Slaughterhouse-Five, you should give The Four Fingers of Death a try, it’s really good! And it made me forget, briefly, how much I hate some other books I’ve got lying around right now. Check it out!

Also, I’ve got a Goodreads page now, so everyone should friend me on there so you can judge my taste in ratings. Or not. Whatever.

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The Resolution Project Season Two: Pale Fire (1962)

Musical Accompaniment: The White Stripes “Little Ghost” (“I’m Slowly Turning Into You” would also be a good one)

“I have no desire to twist and batter an unambiguous apparatus criticus into the monstrous semblance of a novel.” (pp. 86)

Pale Fire cover

The Resolution Project Season Two: For my New Year’s resolution last year (2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I got almost halfway through. I’ve decided to bull-headedly push on through and try and finish the challenge, continuing with the same caveat as before: I’ve exempted myself from reading books I’ve already read, leaving some eighty-six or so left to go. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned if you’re the type to be bothered by that. It’s not really worth getting that angry about though.

The Elevator Pitch: Hoo boy, this’ll be a tough one. John Shade is a genial poet living in the town of New Wye, Appalachia, USA with his wife Sybil. Stay with me here. “Pale Fire” is a 999 line poem he’s written about the death of his daughter, various supernatural events that happen to him, and his general creative process. Pale Fire, the novel by Vladimir Nabokov, is composed primarily of the footnotes to this poem, which are assembled and edited by Professor Charles Kinbote, a recent emigré from the Baltic (?) country of Zembla, which has recently had its government overthrown by Communist revolutionaries known as the Extremist party. The story progresses as Kinbote annotates Shade’s poem, reading into its lines not only Shade’s history, but also the history of Charles the Blessed, the former King of Zembla, and his flight from the pro-Soviet interim government. The story of Gradus (aka. Jack Grey, aka. Vinogradus), an assassin dispatched by a group of Zemblan anti-royalists known as the Shadows to kill King Charles is also one of the threads in Nabokov’s tightly woven tapestry.

What I knew about this book, its subject and its author going in: What little I knew about Nabokov came from two sources. I knew that he was Thomas Pynchon’s teacher due to the fact that Pynchon is probably my favorite living writer and I’ve researched him for papers and the like. He’s also a fellow Time 100 list member, with both men pulling off an astounding two books on the list each. I think only them, Graham Greene, George Orwell, Virginia Woolf, Philip Roth and Saul Bellow have been accorded that honour? I guess if you count Anthony Powell’s twelve book cycle A Dance to the Music of Time they’re all chump change, but whatever. I also knew about Nabokov due to his Lolita having been filmed by Stanley Kubrick in 1962, which, coincidentally, is when Pale Fire came out. Of course, I haven’t seen Lolita, although I’d like to, and I probably will once I read it. So I was vaguely cognizant of Nabokov, and his contrbutions to mid-century postmodernism.

“If two secret agents belonging to rival factions meet in a battle of wits, and if one has none, the effect may be droll; it is dull if both are dolts. I defy anybody to find in the annals of plot and counterplot anything more inept and boring than the scene that occupies the rest of this conscientious note.” (pp. 177)

I really enjoyed this book. As I’ve noted before in my reviews of At Swim-Two-Birds and The French Lieutenant’s Woman, I’m fairly fond of books that screw around with the concepts of narrative and cohesion. Pale Fire is exemplary even in this group of modernist and postmodernist weirdness; it has an unreliable narrator, fanciful (most likely) tales of a kingdom in Europe that is now irrevocably altered, a would-be assassin bumbling his way towards his destiny in the United States and being derided all the while for it, and a fairly nice poem to top it all off. It reaffirms my suspicion that most commentators and critics would rather be able to create art, but instead are reduced to being able to read it really well. This would be in line with my own feelings on the matter. Bitter? No….

Speaking of the poem, I bought this book for my kindle and felt pretty stupid right afterwards. The kindle version that I got does not hyperlink from the poem directly to Kinbote’s annotations; rather you have to page through all the way to get to them, making it much less useful than say, a dead-tree copy. I was pretty mad about this at first, and pondered out loud on Twitter whether or not the poem part is actually that important in the long run. So I ended up just reading the footnotes first, and was pleased to find out that that’s a perfectly valid way of reading the book! Charles Kinbote even tells you as much in his Forward to the poem, but it’s totally true. Pale Fire is potentially the best example ever of reading too much into things. Kinbote wants the poem to reflect his lost kingdom so much that the slightest semblance of an allusion is used as a springboard into more Zemblan history lessons. It’s kind of hilarious to read the poem afterwards, as it can easily be read as a sort of modern-day Frost thing, having nothing to do with the intrigue and adventure the footnotes would have you believe it does. I’m assuming it would be equally as entertaining to read the footnotes afterwards, or read them concurrently with the poem.

Pale Fire is also a great chronicle of unrequited love. Kinbote is obviously nursing a huge crush on Shade, and his sexuality is referred to in veiled allusions throughout the footnotes as he is continually inviting guys over to play table tennis in his basement, and he is full of disdain for “mammates”, which I assume means people with mammary glands, ie. women. If you buy into Kinbote’s supposed secret identity, as well, there’s even more evidence to support a reading of Pale Fire as a predominately homosocial narrative.

I can really see where Thomas Pynchon got his inspirations from Nabokov. Gradus the assassin’s inexorable progress towards Kinbote and Shade reminded me a lot of Tchitcherine’s quest for the Schwartzcommando in Gravity’s Rainbow, as well as Herbert Stencil’s search for the mysterious “V”. Both authors assume the trappings of adventure fiction in service of a higher ideal; there’s such pulpy fodder as deposed monarchs, secret formulas and passages, codes, assassins, etc. in both oeuvres. I can see why I liked Nabokov so much in retrospect, although I’m sure it’s this stuff that I like that is most derided by the Soft Intelligentsia who thrive on things that are serious above all.

I picked The White Stripes’ “Little Ghost” up there as I feel it matches the illusory, dream-like feel of the novel. The narrator in the song is never quite sure as to whether or not his ghost paramour exists or not, and this matches the feelings I had with regards to Kinbote and the country he came from, Zembla. It might be real, it might not be, it doesn’t really matter, what matters is the journey. As much as I’d like to believe in robot troops from the U.S.S.R. supporting the rebellious Extremists, it seems fairly unlikely. I wouldn’t, however, enjoy an alternate history rundown of how a United States with the states of Appalachia and Utana came to be, nor the story how Zembla came to become a monarchy or something like that. I’m perfectly fine with the story being strange and illusory, I don’t need to know any more than I already do. Nabokov does such a great job of filling out his world with textual detail, even a full index, that I’m satisfied with what’s in the text.

While I still have this book on my kindle, I’d like to buy it in paper form as well, that’s how much I enjoyed it. I’m also looking forward to reading Nabokov’s other list entry Lolita far more than I was before due to the strength of this book.

“I trust the reader appreciates the strangeness of this, because he does not, there is no sense in writing poems, or notes to poems, or anything at all.” (pp. 207)

Similar books on the Time 100 list: As noted above, At Swim-Two-Birds also screws around with the idea of a novel in a satisfactory fashion, while The French Lieutenant’s Woman is as great a look at Victorian mores as Pale Fire is of Zemblan ones. Margaret Atwood’s The Blind Assassin also has a lot of fun with the concepts of “reality” and “fiction”, as well as pulpy adventure yarns. I would be remiss to also not mention the works of Thomas Pynchon, The Crying of Lot 49 would be the closest one in my opinion to this, more so than Gravity’s Rainbow.

Total pages read since January 1st 2011: 15660 pp. (1201 this year)

Total books on the Time 100 list read: 54/113, or 48% complete.

Next up on the Resolution Project: Invisible Man (1952), by Ralph Ellison (hopefully this time).

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The Resolution Project Book Forty-Seven: Infinite Jest (1996) – Part Two

This is the second part of my review of Infinite Jest. Here‘s the first part, and here‘s the third part.

“The man tended to look up at him like people with legs look up at buildings and planes. ‘You can of course view entertainments again and again without surcease on TelEntertainment disks of storage and retrieval.’

Orin’s way of looking up as he remembered was nothing like the seated guy’s way of looking up. ‘But not the same. The choice, see. It ruins it somehow. With television you were subjected to repetition. The familiarity was inflicted. Different now.’” (p. 600)

The Resolution Project: For my New Year’s resolution this year (that being 2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I exempted myself from reading ones I’ve already read, leaving some eighty-six or so to read before the end of this year. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned if you’re the type to be bothered by that.

Yes, It's Long

This is my second quasi-review of David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest. The first cane be found here, and an entertaining and completely unexpected detour incurred while reading can be found here. If you want a brief synopsis of the book and what it’s about, check out my first article, although as you may have heard, Infinite Jest is not something to be taken lightly (literally: my shoulder is sort of sore now from carting it around in my bag for the last two weeks). I can only imagine what the book would have been like to interact with in hardcover…

- One of the truly tragic things about David Foster Wallace’s suicide, which is really impossible to keep out of your mind when reading the book sometimes, I’m sorry, is how well I think he’d have fit in with the technology we have at our disposal today. Infinite Jest is pretty much a hypertext book already, what with the extensive use of footnotes, so I can’t help but imagine what he could have done with something like a wiki. One of the only things I’ve ever read that approaches this use of the actual physical form of the text (i.e. that the footnotes/endnotes are actually an integral part of the page/book as a whole) would be Jasper Fforde’s Thursday Next books, which even do Wallace one further by having characters escape the main text and take refuge in a footnote. I can see why people are disenchanted by the continual turning to the back page, though. If Infinite Jest is ever converted into a digital form, not just put on e-readers but actually converted, you could avoid this problem somewhat by having mouseover tooltips replace some of the endnotes, but that takes away some of the comic timing the book possesses, which is equivalent to waiting a beat after an action occurs, and then telling you the punchline.

One Of Our Thursdays is Missing Cover

- Part of what makes the book so engrossing, yet difficult to read is the amazing amount of world-building Wallace did when constructing the O.N.A.N. As I mentioned last time, the really great books are all to be read in their own way, and Infinite Jest is no exception. As like A Clockwork Orange where I didn’t really have any trouble following the use of nadsat speech, here I can still follow most of the idioms and different names for drugs and things like that. Unlike Clockwork, which used words from other languages mostly to form a pidgin speech, the way people speak in Infinite Jest is rich with symbolism and metaphor, and somewhat addictive. I’ve been thinking of the word “map” with regards to one’s face/life a lot more recently, and while it’d be nice, I’m pretty sure that Bob Hope, Bing Crosby et al. probably aren’t slang words for drugs in my area. One can still dream though.

- Check this out!

The Joke movie poster

This is a movie poster done up for one of James O. Incandenza’s art films. The guy’s website is http://pooryorickentertainment.tumblr.com/, and he’s done a whole bunch of other ones. They’re one of the coolest things I’ve ever seen, equally as cool as the Decemberists music video I posted about last time. Go check out the site, there’s some excellent stuff on there. What is it about this book that brings so much out of people? I feel like it is, like I noted above, a combination of the amazing work Wallace put into the world of the book, along with the amount of time and effort you need to put in to read it. I’ve only ever had this sort of relationship with a text a few times, most notably when I read Gravity’s Rainbow a few years ago. Infinite Jest is a lot easier of a read than Rainbow, though, with the possible exception of Wallace’s intense use of ten-dollar words. This must be akin to the feeling religious people get when they read the Bible? I’m normally a very quick reader, so spending more than a week or two on a book is a little different for me, combined with the fact that it is actually a bit difficult to take this book anywhere due to its size.

- One thing I’m really hoping for/dreading at this point in my reading (I’m on page 682 as of today) is whether or not we end up going to see the Concavity/Convexity. Maybe it’s the horror fan/sci-fi nerd in me (go look at the name of this blog again), but I really want to see giant babies wreaking havoc over a blasted hell-scape. I want to see the bugs that have grown to human size and have since become responsible house owners in formerly human communities like Troy, NY. During the sequence in which Poor Tony is forced into heroin withdrawal and lives in a dumpster, you know I really felt for the guy and all, but deep down I wanted to see him launched through the air on a garbage catapult into the Concavity, just so we could see what that place was actually like. Sort of like an event that happens in Gravity’s Rainbow, not to give any spoilers away. It might still happen, but I’m increasingly worried that Wallace is going to pull a Stephenson and end the book inconclusively.

“TINE: Absolutely not, Mart. No way a downer-association-rife term like refugee is going to be applicable here. I cannot overstress this too assertively. Eminent nondomain: yes. Renewal-grade brand of sacrifice: you bet. Heroes, new era’s breed of new pioneers, striking in bravely for already-settled good old settled but unfoul American territory: bien sûr.” (p. 404)

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The Resolution Project Book Forty-Seven: Infinite Jest (1996) – Part One

“Like most North Americans of his generation, Hal tends to know way less about why he feels certain ways about the objects and pursuits he’s devoted to than he does about the objects and pursuits themselves. It’s hard to say for sure whether this is even exceptionally bad, this tendency.” (p. 54)

The Resolution Project: For my New Year’s resolution this year (that being 2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I exempted myself from reading ones I’ve already read, leaving some eighty-six or so to read before the end of this year. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned if you’re the type to be bothered by that.

Infinite Jest cover

This is going to go a little differently than my normal book reviews. Since Infinite Jest is so big (not to mention so amazingly good), I’m going to split my posts about the book up into 4, maybe 5 rather than one big one. Also, since I’m only about a third done (again, there is a lot of stuff going on in this book that I’ll probably only really have a handle on by the end), this post’ll be more like stray observations concerning the text rather than any sort of grand review.

Infinite Jest is a chronicle of the near future, where individual years have been subsidized by the O.N.A.N. (Organization of North American Nations, i.e. the United States and Canada, most likely Mexico) to raise money. So instead of say, 2011, you get something like “The Year of the Whopper”, or “The Year of the Depend Adult Undergarment”, which most of the book takes place during, called Y.D.A.U. for short. Surprisingly, this doesn’t get old, and it’s pretty funny actually to see how, say, academic writing deals with the shift in years. There’s a fair amount of academic papers strewn throughout the book. The story mostly takes place around the Boston area, with some excursions (so far) to Tucson, Arizona. It looks at the lives of young men and women training at E.T.A., the Enfield Tennis Academy, an elite tennis/hard science prep school, and it also looks at recovering Substance-abusers at the Ennet House and Alcohol Recovery House (sic.), which is just down the hill. Some important people are: Hal Incandenza, a tennis prodigy and habitual marijuana smoker; Remy Marathe, a potentially treasonous member of Les Assassins des Fauteuils Rollents, a hard-core Quebecois separatist group whose gimmick is that they all use wheelchairs to get around; Don Gately, a worker at the Ennet House with a history of breaking and entering. There’s a ton of people in the book, that’s only a few of them.

- One of the main themes that links the groups of people whose lives are attached to either building is the condition of being overly interested in oneself and not so much the world around you (there’s a pretty good reason why North America is now called O.N.A.N.). The lives of the young tennis prodigies revolve around tournaments and grueling training regimes, while the drug abusers down the hill are primarily concerned with taking stock of their personal inventory and trying to beat the disease that has gotten its clutches into them. One of the best examples of the solipsism that has taken over the future, not to mention one of funniest parts of the book so far, is an examination of the societal impact of videophones on O.N.A.N.ian culture. Wallace takes us through the history of videophony, the machine being hooked up to your TV and computer as part of one entity called a “TP”, or teleputer. He shows us how human vanity gets out of hand when it comes to the videophone, starting with masks users can wear instead of maintaining their faces at all times, then whole body cutouts you can stand behind, the whole thing culminating in little dioramas that fit over the TP camera, giving the illusion of a lovely house with beautiful people in it. Finally most discerning users just turn the video part off, but some less discerning types still use the dioramas (and are looked down on for it).

- There must have been a zeitgeist thing going on in the early nineties where authors were starting to become concerned with the idea of “entertainment-as-weapon.” Fellow Time 100 List book Snow Crash (1992) takes its name from a computer virus/designer drug that makes people into zombies and has the potential to be an Omega-level species ending event, while Theodore Roszak’s excellent Flicker (1991) deals with the dissemination into the mainstream of the works of an obscure German filmmaker whose overpowering nihilism makes people check out of life. “The Entertainment” that James Incandenza produced as his last filmed work must have come out of this idea, D.F.W. is such a smart guy that I’m sure he’d read or at least heard of these two books as he worked on Infinite Jest. The twist Wallace throws in the mix is that the Assassins des Faulteuils Roulents are basically using it as a way to distinguish themselves from their hated O.N.A.N. enemy, as these proud Quebecois apparently have so much more to live for than your average American, who’ll choose to spend their whole lives in pursuit of frivolity and mindless entertainment. Quoth Marathe speaking to his handler from the O.N.A.N. Office of Unspecified Services, M. Hugh Steeply:

“For your walled-up country, always to shout ‘Freedom! Freedom!’ as if it were obvious to all people what it wants to mean, this word. But look: it is not so simple as that. Your freedom is the freedom-from: no one tells your precious individual U.S.A. selves what they must do. It is this meaning only, this freedom from restrain and forced duress.” (p.320)

In other words, O.N.A.N.ites deserve to get turned into zombies by the “Entertainment”, as it is the ultimate expression of how they choose to waste their precious freedom by sitting around doing nothing. It’s a shame, though, that Wallace didn’t live long enough to see what I believe is the real entertainment that could doom us all, cat videos on Youtube. Celebrate the end of the world with me, won’t you?

- I’m glad to see that James Incandenza’s dad shares my opinion of golf: “Golf. A golf man. Is my tone communicating the contempt? Billiards on a big table, Jim. A bodiless game of spasmodic flailing and flying sod. A quote unquote sport. Anal rage and checkered berets.” (p. 163). I’m surprised to see how much I’m enjoying learning about tennis, though.

- I’m also learning a lot about doing drugs. So far my favorite drug-related conversation comes when Pemulis, a student at E.T.A. comes across an incredibly dangerous hallucinogenic named DMZ. The description made me laugh out loud at work: ”One monograph had this toss-off about DMZ where the guy invites you to envision acid that has itself dropped acid.” (p. 214). A love of pharmaceuticals is another thing that the E.T.A. sequences share with the rest of the book. For all of the difficulty I had getting through the unblinkingly difficult to parse Ebonics in the second Poor Tony and C sequence, which starts on page 128, (I had to read it out loud to Lady E., because my brain was getting tired every few lines, note not sentences, lines, it’s basically one long run-off sentence, so thanks to her for helping me through that rough patch) it really laid the groundwork for what daily life would be like as a junkie. They say that great books, the truly great ones, teach you how to read them as you go. This is especially true, I believe, for Infinite Jest. Where something like this sequence could have just been an anecdote to provide “local colour” in a more disconnected work like The Berlin Stories or The Golden Notebook, there is a huge payoff from the sad story of the cross-dressing junkies. Through them, you learn about the Boston Common drug ecology, who’s selling what and where, and you also get a necessary counterpoint to the relatively benign drug habits someone like Hal Incandenza (one-hitters) or Michael Pemulis (‘drines) has. It shows you what’s at stake.

- The saga of Joelle van Dyne, the Prettiest Girl of All Time, is probably the most emotionally affecting thing I’ve read so far, with the potential mention of every time Mario Incandenza shows up. It, along with the basic fact that, yes, this is sort of like Hamlet at a tennis academy, what with the stepfather moving in with Hal and Mario’s mom before their father’s body’s really even cooled, is the most tragic story in the book. I think the first time I tried to read Infinite Jest I must have given up somewhere around her suicide attempt, as it is one of the most difficult and heart-wrenching pieces I’ve ever read. That, coupled with the fact that she’s sort of a non-entity at this point and it is only later that we find out where she fits in with the Incandenza family saga made it very hard to read it was so sad. If I had to compare it to something for a non-reader to understand, I’d say it’s sort of like if Gaspar Noe’s film Enter the Void was condensed down into about thirty pages of sheer desperation. People who’ve seen the movie can chuckle now, as they know it could probably have used some judicious editing, but the situation is very similar in both works; a junkie remembers their entire life in the moments leading up to their imminent demise. Here’s the opening credits for that movie, as they’re sort of amazing. Listen to them really loudly, in a darkened room if at all possible:

I’ll have more on Infinite Jest next week. Here’s a quote.

“Certain far-right fringes in Alberta weren’t too pleased, but not much pleases an Albertan far-rightist anyway.” (p. 311).

I wish this wasn’t so true, and that there weren’t so many of them around in real life.

For the second part of my review of Infinite Jest, go here. For the third part, go here.

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The Resolution Project Book Thirty-Four: The Golden Notebook (1962)

“The novel has become a function of the fragmented society, the fragmented consciousness. Human beings are so divided, are becoming more and more divided, and more subdivided in themselves, reflecting the world, that they reach out desperately, not knowing they do it, for information about other groups inside their own country, let alone groups in other countries. Inside this country, Britain, the middle-class have no knowledge of the lives of the working-people, and vice-versa; and reports and articles and novels are sold across the frontiers, are read as if savage tribes were being investigated.” (p. 75)

The Resolution Project: For my New Year’s resolution this year (that being 2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I exempted myself from reading ones I’ve already read, leaving some eighty-six or so to read before the end of this year. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned if you’re the type to be bothered by that.

The Golden Notebook cover

Phew, was this book ever a doozy. I actually finished it a few days ago, but I’ve been mulling over what to say ever since. In the story that forms the backbone of the novel, “Free Women 1-5″, Anna Wulf is a writer in 1950s London who survives primarily off the proceeds of her first novel. She is divorced after a wartime marriage, and lives with her young daughter Janet. Her best friend and “fellow traveler” Molly is a big part of her life (they used to live together), as is Molly’s son Tommy, along with his captain of industry-type father Richard.

Anna Wulf is struggling with writer’s block after the great success that was her first book, Frontiers of War. What writing she does do these days is into four notebooks, which form the sections in between “Free Women” segments: Black, in which she examines her history (especially that of living in an African colony for the duration of the Second World War); Red, which details her involvement with the English Communist Party and her commitments to the Socialist cause in general;  Yellow, which is used as a creative space for short fiction, most of which is autobiographical; and Blue, which is her personal diary. The titular Golden Notebook represents Anna’s attempt to bring together of all the strands of her personality into a coherent whole, before time runs out.

As you probably gathered from my attempt at synopsis in the last paragraph, there is a lot going on in this book. It, along with At Swim-Two-Birds, the Thomas Pynchon selections and The French Lieutenant’s Woman must be among the most experimental works on the Time 100 list. Here the use of form is especially interesting. The way Anna tells us her story with the different notebooks is an amazing way of getting us to know her better, much more than you could do with a standard linear narrative without a much higher page count. While it does get a little confusing at times, especially with Anna’s habit of using different names for the same characters when they’re being “fictional” and “not fictional”, the end result is an excellent and robust character study of a woman teetering almost at the edge of madness. We are able to learn who Anna is, where she has been, what she believes in, and what she’d like to be, all of these things, orbiting around the straightforward narrative of “Free Women”. Even more interesting to me were the editorial tone of the brief asides introducing each section of a notebook, as it is very detached, telling us what was scratched out, pasted in, etc. It gives the book a sort of “found document” feel, like if her biographer or someone was going through her papers, or if Lessing herself is taking a hand in the story.

The Golden Notebook presents us with a world in which the institution of marriage is worth next to nothing. Pretty much every single man that Anna (or her fictional surrogate Ella) meets wants to cheat on his wife with her, almost as a matter of form. Anna’s own marriage, to a German expatriate with whom she hung out with in Africa during the war, was pretty much a marriage of convenience, dissolving almost as quickly as the political groups the pair find themselves participating in. While this marriage is only barely alluded to (the events that occurred before and after receive much more screen time), Anna’s daughter from the marriage is an incredibly important part of her life, indeed, probably the thing that keeps her close to stability. One of the many topics the novel examines is the idea that while a parent is taking care of a child, the child provides structure and meaning to the parent as well, and when the child is removed from the parent, madness is soon to follow, as it does when Anna’s daughter begins to crave the discipline and formality of a boarding school and ends up getting to go to one.

The political aspects revealed in the Red notebook were also quite interesting. Anna is a member of the English Communist party during the end of the Stalinist era in Russia, and much of the notebook is devoted to her and the Party itself having to reconcile their views against what they’d previously been told to believe by Party HQ. I only knew a little bit about this time in history, mostly after reading about the H.U.A.C. trials presided over by McCarthy in the U.S. at the time, for Film Studies and History courses, so it was extremely interesting to have a glimpse at what would have went down in the more permissive atmosphere of ’50s England during this shakedown period. Lessing also has a lot to say about the way some people use the sweeping rhetoric and ideals of radical political movements as a way to escape the futility of their everyday lives. It’s all very well and good to theorize about how you should go and fight in a revolution somewhere (as at the time the book takes place in, that seemed to be an option worth exploring), much less terrifying than staying home and having to accept the political realities there. This is referred to as “paralysis of the will”, as after the great upheavals of communism in Europe and Asia: ”Because everyone’s gotten used to the idea of countries changing completely in about three years … if they can’t see a complete change ahead, they can’t be bothered.” (p. 237) I thought this rang especially true.

There’s so much more in this book: the insights into the practice of psychiatry are fascinating, as well as how we deal with the subject of mental illness. Near the end of the book, Anna takes in a boarder (once her daughter leaves for school), an American writer who appears to suffer from multiple personality disorder. His affliction mirrors Anna’s need to separate and editorialize her life by use of the notebooks, and their brief affair is covered in amazing detail in the Blue notebook, which at this point descends into a miasma of shared misery and treachery (later, once we’ve returned to the “Free Women” section, the entire thing is blown through really quickly). I could go on and on. If you’ve got the stomach to attempt this book, I’d really recommend it. While it might seem a little off-putting early on, give it a chance, there’s a lot going on in this book.

The List:

1. The Adventures of Augie March

2. All the King’s Men

3. American Pastoral

4. An American Tragedy

5. Animal Farm (read before 2011)

6. Appointment in Samarra

7. Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret

8. The Assistant

9. At Swim-Two-Birds

10. Atonement (read before 2011)

11. Beloved

12. The Berlin Stories

13. The Big Sleep (read before 2011)

14. The Blind Assassin

15. Blood Meridian

16. Brideshead Revisited

17. The Bridge of San Luis Rey

18. Call It Sleep

19. Catch-22 (read before 2011)

20. The Catcher in the Rye (read before 2011)

21. A Clockwork Orange

22. The Confessions of Nat Turner

23. The Corrections

24. The Crying of Lot 49 (read before 2011)

25. A Dance to the Music of Time (1st Movement)

26. The Day of the Locust

27. Death Comes for the Archbishop

28. A Death in the Family

29. The Death of the Heart

30. Deliverance

31. Dog Soldiers

32. Falconer

33. The French Lieutenant’s Woman

34. The Golden Notebook

Total pages read since January 1st: 8259 pp.

Next up on the Resolution Project: Anthony Powell’s A Dance to the Music of Time (1st Movement) (1951)

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The Resolution Project Book Thirty-Three: The French Lieutenant’s Woman (1969)

“I do not know. This story I am telling is all imagination. These characters I create never existed outside my own mind. If I have pretended until now to know my characters’ minds and innermost thoughts, it is because I am writing in (just as I have assumed some of the vocabulary and ‘voice’ of) a convention universally accepted at the time of my story: that the novelist stands next to God.” (p. 95)

The Resolution Project: For my New Year’s resolution this year (that being 2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I exempted myself from reading ones I’ve already read, leaving some eighty-six or so to read before the end of this year. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned if you’re the type to be bothered by that.

The French Lieutenant's Woman cover

In 1867, Charles Smithson and Ernestina Freeman are on vacation in the English port town of Lyme Regis before their wedding, visiting family and engaging in Charles’ hobby of paleontology. Charles is in line to become a baronet, while Ernestina is the daughter of a successful businessman. While on the docks, the couple meet a strange woman, looking out to sea with a mournful look about her. She is known around town as “Tragedy” or, less tactfully, as “The French Lieutenant’s Woman,” her heart having been broken long ago by an uncouth French naval officer. The lives of these three characters intertwine in interesting ways throughout the plot of the book, which has as one of its aims to help modern audiences understand the oft-incomprehensible social mores and taboos of the Victorian period.

This was an excellent novel, probably the most experimental of all the ones I’ve read so far going down the list (excepting The Crying of Lot 49, which I’d read before starting this project). I really enjoyed the what I like to call “anthropological” approach Fowles took to telling his story. I feel like I learned quite a lot about how people in Victorian times acted, and why. It was especially helpful when it came to Charles, who, about halfway through the book, learns that he might need to be associated with the grim specter of “trade”, in the form of his father-in-law-to-be’s store (the marriage, like most made at this time, was primarily a business venture wherein one family trades their financial largesse for the esteem and prestige of the other family’s aristocratic rank). I started to hate the insufferable man, who, for the life of him just couldn’t bear working for a living, not even for a second; he goes so far as to compare the store to a great engine that threatens to grind his frivolous life away. But right as I couldn’t stand Charles, Fowles redeemed him somewhat by explaining just why the concepts of work and commerce were so threatening to a member of the aristocracy at this time, when the bourgeoisie was just starting to loom large over the country and with Marx beginning to put forth his theories on capital and labour.

The book is just full of little things like that, taking ideas that the Victorians would have understood automatically and then translating them into terms a modern day reader can relate to in a world far removed from the adherence to duty and repression of the time. It made me think of Victorian novels I read when I was in school, and why I couldn’t really identify with anyone in them. I much preferred books from the Regency era, like those of Jane Austen, where life didn’t seem as rigid, to someone like Thomas Hardy for instance, where your life was basically forfeit from the starting point. After having read The French Lieutenant’s Woman, though, I feel as if I could revisit works from that period with the easy-to-digest concepts Fowles puts forth.

The book also plays around with its form and style in an entertaining fashion. As noted in the quote that began the piece, the narrator of the book is Fowles himself, who is able to shift some parts of the narrative around to suit his fancy. He puts forth three endings for the love triangle; forsaking the first one for having too stereotypical a resolution, he changes events to let two more endings occur, which are more painful yet also more realistic at the same time. He even shows up in the world of the characters to do so, sort of like how Kurt Vonnegut Jr. would often show up in his books as the trashy writer “Kilgore Trout’, armed with limited omniscience and the power of fiction itself. Anyway, I thought that was really cool, especially coming from a book written in the 1960s. Sure, it’s not exactly revolutionary, but it was fun.

“She made him aware of a deprivation. His future had always seemed to him of vast potential; and now suddenly it was a fixed voyage to a known place. She had reminded him of that.” (p.130)

The List:

1. The Adventures of Augie March

2. All the King’s Men

3. American Pastoral

4. An American Tragedy

5. Animal Farm (read before 2011)

6. Appointment in Samarra

7. Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret

8. The Assistant

9. At Swim-Two-Birds

10. Atonement (read before 2011)

11. Beloved

12. The Berlin Stories

13. The Big Sleep (read before 2011)

14. The Blind Assassin

15. Blood Meridian

16. Brideshead Revisited

17. The Bridge of San Luis Rey

18. Call It Sleep

19. Catch-22 (read before 2011)

20. The Catcher in the Rye (read before 2011)

21. A Clockwork Orange

22. The Confessions of Nat Turner

23. The Corrections

24. The Crying of Lot 49 (read before 2011)

25. A Dance to the Music of Time (1st Movement)

26. The Day of the Locust

27. Death Comes for the Archbishop

28. A Death in the Family

29. The Death of the Heart

30. Deliverance

31. Dog Soldiers

32. Falconer

33. The French Lieutenant’s Woman

Total pages read since January 1st: 7683 pp.

Next up on the Resolution Project: Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook (1962)

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The Resolution Project Book Thirty-Two: Falconer (1977)

“He seemed, in prison, to be a traveler and he had traveled in enough strange countries to recognize this keen alienation. It was the sense that on waking before dawn, everything, beginning with the dream from which he had waked, was alien. He had dreamed in another language and felt on waking the texture and smell of strange bedclothes. He bathed in strange and rusty water, wiped his ass on strange and barbarous toilet paper and climbed down unfamiliar stairs to be served a strange and profoundly offensive breakfast. That was travel. It was the same here. Everything he saw, touched, smelled and dreamed of was cruelly alien, but this continent or nation in which he might spend the rest of his living days had no flag, no anthem, no monarch, president, taxes, boundaries or graves.” (p. 32)

The Resolution Project: For my New Year’s resolution this year (that being 2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I exempted myself from reading ones I’ve already read, leaving some eighty-six or so to read before the end of this year. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned if you’re the type to be bothered by that.

Falconer cover

Ezekiel Farragut is a disgraced former professor now serving “zip to ten” at Falconer Correctional Facility for the murder of his brother Eben. He is also a drug addict, kept alive by his daily does of methadone in the mornings. The book follows the entirety of Farragut’s stay at Falconer, starting from the moment he gets off of a bus to the moment he leaves. Along the way he meets many memorable inmates, like Chicken Number Two, a second-story man who put all of his criminal gains into his body in the form of tattoos and the Cuckold, a man serving time for killing his nymphomaniac wife and has a side business in selling prison “jewelery”. When he briefly falls in love with a young hustler named Jody, Farragut starts to break out of his drug-addicted, past-dwelling shell to think of how he too can live outside of the walls that surround him.

This is an excellent novel. It’s kind of funny, though, that this is the first of John Cheever’s books that I’ve come into contact with. Cheever was apparently known primarily for genteel suburban dramas and New Yorker short stories before writing this vulgar and vivid prison story. Looking a bit deeper than the modicum of research I usually do for these reviews, I found that Cheever, like Farragut, was also an addict, as well as a conflicted bisexual. Falconer, then, is the result Cheever’s inner being reaching out, breaking from the WASPy shackles that constrained his earlier work and telling a deeply personal story.

And what a punchy little tale it is. As opposed to the last book I read, James Dickey’s Deliverance, Falconer doesn’t tip toe around the subject of homosexual romance between men in a tough situation. It presents the love between two men as being completely natural, Farragut and Jody being only one of a few duos mentioned in the narrative. While the narrator of Deliverance made his affection for his best friend known primarily by describing how much he idealized his physical form, Cheever shows us these love stories from all sides, physically, mentally, with warts and all. His descriptions of the rituals men behind bars succumb to to slake their thirsts, like the gross, but kind of funny and definitely understandable “Valley” masturbation area, are matter-of-fact and honest, in a way I’d liken to Kurt Vonnegut Jr.

I also quite liked Farragut’s attempts to visualize what kind of life would be out there for him and Jody should they, by some miracle, find themselves outside of Falconer’s walls. It feels like a very mature way of looking at gay relationships and how they would have been seen at that time, somewhat akin to the ”On Ruegen Island (Summer 1931)” sequence in Isherwood’s The Berlin Stories. Farragut, before his incarceration, was a man of the world, and knew gay couples primarily from seeing them at European boardinghouses while on vacation:

“How they gratified their venereal hungers would remain, for the rest of the company, acrobatic and bizarre … [s]ocially the prejudice against them was very light; at a more profound level it was absolute. That they enjoyed on another’s company, as they sometimes did, seemed astonishing and subversive.” (p.66)

Ultimately, Farragut just cannot see a way that he and Jody could live together in the outside world, partly because of prejudice, but also because of who they are as people.

Cheever also does an excellent job of describing the mental state of an addict. Farragut’s love of methadone is the greatest love story in the book, and the metaphysical lengths he goes to to rationalize his addiction are funny, and kind of lovely in their way:

“Farragut was a drug addict and felt that the consciousness of the opium eater was much broader, more vast and representative of the human condition than the consciousness of someone who had never experienced addiction. The drug he needed was a distillate of earth, air, water and fire. He was mortal and his addiction was a beautiful illustration of the bounds of his mortality.” (p. 26)

I wouldn’t compare Falconer to Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption or anything, as it’s not really a story about an innocent man getting the justice he so desires (everyone in prison says they’re innocent). Falconer feels much more realistic in its approach to the monotony of prison life, in the thousands of minor annoyances, fights, checkups and hookups that must occur behind those walls. It put me more in mind of Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, another great novel (and Time 100 member) about men cooped up with one another who have to learn how to dream again, but written in a non-sentimental way.

The List:

1. The Adventures of Augie March

2. All the King’s Men

3. American Pastoral

4. An American Tragedy

5. Animal Farm (read before 2011)

6. Appointment in Samarra

7. Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret

8. The Assistant

9. At Swim-Two-Birds

10. Atonement (read before 2011)

11. Beloved

12. The Berlin Stories

13. The Big Sleep (read before 2011)

14. The Blind Assassin

15. Blood Meridian

16. Brideshead Revisited

17. The Bridge of San Luis Rey

18. Call It Sleep

19. Catch-22 (read before 2011)

20. The Catcher in the Rye (read before 2011)

21. A Clockwork Orange

22. The Confessions of Nat Turner

23. The Corrections

24. The Crying of Lot 49 (read before 2011)

25. A Dance to the Music of Time (1st Movement)

26. The Day of the Locust

27. Death Comes for the Archbishop

28. A Death in the Family

29. The Death of the Heart

30. Deliverance

31. Dog Soldiers

32. Falconer

Total pages read since January 1st: 7216 pp.

Next up on the Resolution Project: John Fowles’ The French Lieutenant’s Woman (1969)

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The Resolution Project Book Twenty-Three: The Corrections (2001)

The Resolution Project: For my New Year’s resolution this year (that being 2011), I decided to try and read all one hundred of the novels picked by Time Magazine as the best since their inception in 1923 to the list’s publication in 2005. I exempted myself from reading ones I’ve already read, leaving some eighty-six or so to read before the end of this year. Some spoilers may lie ahead, so be warned.

“God had given her the imagination to weep for the sad strivers who booked the most el-cheapo “B” Deck inside staterooms on a luxury cruise ship; but a childhood without money had left her unable to stomach, herself, the $300 per person it cost to jump one category up; and so she wept for herself. She felt that she and Al were the only intelligent people of her generation who had managed not to become rich.” (p.333)

The Corrections cover

This was a fantastic novel that deftly balanced humor, existential depression and a real sense of how families work. The Lamberts are a family undone. Enid and Al, the mother and father, live in the town of St. Jude, located somewhere in the American Midwest-wasteland. Their children have left them and moved to bigger cities, becoming a fund manager, a high-class chef and a college professor. From the outside, one would think the two generations have little in common; when allowed access to the interior monologues and home lives, though, we see that the apples barely even bounced off the tree as they fell. Enid’s one fervent wish is to have her family home for Christmas, but who knows what’ll be left of each of the family members as the holiday rolls around.

As I said before, this book is masterfully done. Coming from the DeLillo-Pynchon postmodern school, this takes tropes like paranoia and searching for identity in the modern world and throws them into a setting that isn’t as alienating as is the norm. Jonathan Franzen melds the postmodern to a post-familial state, as each of the Lambert family members has very good reasons to get the hell out of St. Jude, and maybe only one possible reason to stay. I loved how each family member (in addition to Enid and Al, there’s sons Gary and Chip, and daughter Denise) shares very similar internal dialogues with anxiety and mental illness, but framed differently based on their own histories and points of view. Where Gary sees his brain chemicals as being like stocks traded in the marketplace, Denise’s anxiety about various infidelities manifests itself as the texture and flavours she works with every day writ large, as tongues that take the place of every surface.

The book also demonstrates, in harrowing detail, what it must be like to slide into dementia and Alzheimers, in the form of Al’s battle to stay alive and sane (or at least vaguely functioning). His war against an anthropomorphic “turd” that bedevils him at night is almost as good as, say, the epic tale of Byron the Bulb in Gravity’s Rainbow. The second-to-last sequence, the apocalyptic Christmas celebration, haunts me right now, as one of the most depressing things I’ve read in a while (and considering what I’ve been reading for fun this year, that’s saying something.)

Here’s what Time’s Lacayo had to say about it: http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1951793_1951939_1952267,00.html. I’d like to say more about the book, but I feel I’d ruin its pleasures by not letting you experience them on your own.

The List:

1. The Adventures of Augie March

2. All the King’s Men

3. American Pastoral

4. An American Tragedy

5. Animal Farm (read before 2011)

6. Appointment in Samarra

7. Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret

8. The Assistant

9. At Swim-Two-Birds

10. Atonement (read before 2011)

11. Beloved

12. The Berlin Stories

13. The Big Sleep (read before 2011)

14. The Blind Assassin

15. Blood Meridian

16. Brideshead Revisited

17. The Bridge of San Luis Rey

18. Call It Sleep

19. Catch-22 (read before 2011)

20. The Catcher in the Rye (read before 2011)

21. A Clockwork Orange

22. The Confessions of Nat Turner

23. The Corrections

24. The Crying of Lot 49 (read before 2011)

Total pages read since January 1st: 6002 pp.

Next up on the Resolution Project: Nathanael West’s The Day of the Locust (1939)

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